I stumbled across this series of posts by Maarten Struys and Dougturn on "Getting started with windows mobile development with Visual C#". I remember Joel too having mentioned it in one of his posts. I went through a couple of articles and was able to create a few basic applications in C#. I must mention that creating a basic application with your menus and a few controls takes no time at all in visual C#. The visual designer is nice, supports a lot more controls and takes care of things that you would usually have to write code for if you were developing in Win32/C++.
Here are the links to the series, and I suggest you read through them whenever you find time.
Part 1: Creating your first application
Part 2: Device Emulator and Device Emulator Manager
Part 3: Basic WinForm App development for Windows Mobile Devices
Part 4: Adding Custom Controls and Making Use of GPS Hardware
Part 5: Introduction to SQL Server CE
Part 6: Device Security and Application Deployment
Part 7: Mobile Web Development